姜卫韬,浙大宁波理工学院商学院、宁波市未来产业发展与安全研究院(宁波 315100)。
收稿:2026-05-31,
纸质出版:2026-09-15
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姜卫韬.随迁老人养老安全感的关系生态及其组态机制研究 [J].中山大学学报(社会科学版),2026,66(05):194-206.
Jiang Weitao.Relational Ecology and Configurational Mechanisms of the Sense of Security in Later Life Among Older Parents Who Migrate to Join Their Adult Children[J].Journal of Sun Yat-sen University(Social Science Edition),2026,66(05):194-206.
姜卫韬.随迁老人养老安全感的关系生态及其组态机制研究 [J].中山大学学报(社会科学版),2026,66(05):194-206. DOI: 10.11714/jsysu.sse.202605020.
Jiang Weitao.Relational Ecology and Configurational Mechanisms of the Sense of Security in Later Life Among Older Parents Who Migrate to Join Their Adult Children[J].Journal of Sun Yat-sen University(Social Science Edition),2026,66(05):194-206. DOI: 10.11714/jsysu.sse.202605020.
随迁老人养老安全感并非单一家庭支持或社区支持的线性结果,而是家庭—社区关系生态耦合联结的组态结果。基于关系生态与组态理论化视角,本文利用东部沿海城市86对农村户籍跨省随迁老人夫妇的调查数据,运用必要条件分析(NCA)和模糊集定性比较分析(fsQCA),考察亲子、婆媳、翁婿、老乡、本地人、社区等6类关系的组态作用。研究发现:6类关系分别呈现机会、约束、沉睡、共生、互生、共栖等功能模式;单个关系要素并非高养老安全感的必要条件;高养老安全感对应3类组态模式下的5种等效条件组合,可解释性地概括为扶幼、助业、养病、向往、养老5类理想类型;高与非高养老安全感的前因组态不是彼此的简单镜像,二者存在因果非对称性。本文揭示了多重关系耦合联结随迁老人异地养老安全感的复杂路径,为特殊老年群体异地养老研究提供了基于关系生态的组态解释。
Among older parents who migrate to join their adult children, a sense of security in later life is not the linear outcome of family or community support considered in isolation, but a configurational outcome of interlocking ties within a family-community relational ecology. Drawing on relational ecology and configurational theorizing, this study analyzes survey data from 86 older couples with rural household registration (hukou, 户口) who migrated across provincial boundaries to join their married children in cities along China’s eastern coast. Necessary condition analysis (NCA) tests whether any single relationship is necessary for a high sense of security in later life, whereas fuzzy-set qualitative comparative analysis (fsQCA) identifies configurations formed by six types of ties: parent-adult child ties, mother-in-law-daughter-in-law ties, father-in-law-son-in-law ties, ties with people from the same place of origin, ties with local residents, and ties with community institutions. The six types of ties exhibit, respectively, “opportunity”, “constraint”, “sleeper”, “symbiosis”, “interdependence”, and “commensalism” functional patterns. No single relational condition emerged as necessary for a high sense of security in later life. Five equifinal configurations, grouped into three broader configurational patterns, are associated with a high sense of security in later life and are heuristically interpreted as five ideal types centered on caring for grandchildren, supporting adult children’s work or business, seeking health care, aspiring to urban life, and settling in the destination city for later life. The configurations associated with the absence of a high sense of security in later life are not simple inverses of those associated with its presence, indicating causal asymmetry. These findings reveal complex pathways linking interlocking family and community ties to older migrants’ sense of security in later life and offer a configurational explanation grounded in relational ecology for research on particular groups of older adults who spend later life away from their places of origin.
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