An Dongqiang.Sun Yat-sen and the Multifaceted Awakening of the “Revolutionary Party” in the Late Qing[J].Journal of Sun Yat-sen University(Social Science Edition),2026,66(05):1-12.
An Dongqiang.Sun Yat-sen and the Multifaceted Awakening of the “Revolutionary Party” in the Late Qing[J].Journal of Sun Yat-sen University(Social Science Edition),2026,66(05):1-12.DOI: 10.11714/jsysu.sse.202605001.
Both the concept of the “Revolutionary Party”革命党 and the social group it denoted were entirely new phenomena in modern China. Initially, the term was used to describe foreign political parties and organizations. Its usage later shifted, first becoming a specific label for Sun Yat-sen, and eventually serving as a general pejorative for anyone violating the Qing dynasty’s political order and laws—including even the constitutional monarchists. In response to Liang Qichao’s梁启超 influential overseas critiques of revolution and the evolving tide of revolution in China around 1903, Sun Yat-sen embraced this identity. He proceeded to systematically define and imbue the Chinese “Revolutionary Party” with its proper, multifaceted political connotations. Through comprehensive theoretical frameworks encompassing concepts, consciousness, rituals, institutions, scholarly theories, and doctrines, Sun completed a systematic justification across these domains. This process actualized the multidimensional self-consciousness of China’s “Revolutionary Party” and transcended the prevailing political values.